Author Correction: Synaptic-like transmission between neural axons and arteriolar smooth muscle cells drives cerebral neurovascular coupling

Correction to: Nature Neuroscience https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-023-01515-0, published online 2 January 2024. In the version of this article initially published, errors were identified in Fig. 1h, j and k, Fig. 8d, associated Source Data files, the Fig. 1 legend and the legend to Supplementary Fig. 4g. The total number of neurovascular smooth muscle junctions (NsMJs) reported in Fig. 1h was corrected from 502 to 499, following the removal of duplicate counts and inclusion of omitted NsMJs.

In Fig. 1j, prejunctional boutons were reclassified into three categories based on vesicle content, and the Results text was revised from stating that 80% of NsMJs contained small vesicles and 20% contained dense-core vesicles to stating that 76.4% contained small vesicles only, 16.0% contained dense-core vesicles only and 7.6% contained both. In Fig. 1k, duplicated measurements were removed, resulting in a revision of the reported mean bouton-to-aSMC membrane distance from 200 nm to 205.6 nm. The Fig. 1 legend was updated to clarify sample sizes.

In Fig. 8d, duplicated neural signal data were removed and the figure legend revised accordingly. The legend of Supplementary Fig. 4g was amended to clarify that the image shown was a 90° counterclockwise rotation of the image in Extended Data Fig. 4b. The figures, legends, Source Data, text and Supplementary Information have been updated in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.

For comparisons, the original figures are available as Supplementary Information accompanying this amendment. These changes do not affect the conclusions of the study. School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translation Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China Dongdong Zhang, Jiayu Ruan, Shiyu Peng, Jinze Li, Xu Hu, Yiyi Zhang, Yaping Ge, Zhu Zhu, Xian Xiao, Xuzhao Li, Tingbo Li, Lili Zhou, Bingrui Zhao, Tian Xu & Jie-Min Jia Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China Dongdong Zhang, Jiayu Ruan, Jinze Li, Xu Hu, Yiyi Zhang, Yaping Ge, Zhu Zhu, Xian Xiao, Xuzhao Li, Tingbo Li, Lili Zhou, Guoxiao Zheng, Bingrui Zhao & Jie-Min Jia Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China Dongdong Zhang, Jiayu Ruan, Jinze Li, Xu Hu, Yiyi Zhang, Tianrui Zhang, Yaping Ge, Zhu Zhu, Yunxu Zhu, Xuzhao Li, Tingbo Li, Lili Zhou, Qingzhu Gao, Bingrui Zhao & Jie-Min Jia College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Research Center of Systemic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, and Department of Pathology of the Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, The Cryo-EM Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, Beijing, China Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

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Zhang, D., Ruan, J., Peng, S. et al. Author Correction: Synaptic-like transmission between neural axons and arteriolar smooth muscle cells drives cerebral neurovascular coupling. Nat Neurosci (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02474-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02474-y