This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies. Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility: India began annual measures on Thursday to tackle toxic air pollution in New Delhi, a megacity of 30 million people regularly ranked among the world's most polluted capitals. Delhi's air quality deteriorates in winter, when cooler air traps pollutants close to the ground.
Major sources include coal-fired power plants, traffic, construction and farm stubble burning in neighboring areas. The Delhi government on Wednesday announced a ban on open garbage burning and ordered food stalls to stop using coal or firewood. In previous years, such measures have failed to curb pollution, which peaks from November to January, when levels of cancer-causing PM2.5 microparticles often hit more than 300 micrograms per cubic meter, 20 times the World Health Organization's recommended daily maximum.
Monitors recorded 233 micrograms per cubic meter early Thursday, about 15 times the limit. The government's Commission for Air Quality Management has predicted air quality to remain "poor" in the coming days. A study in The Lancet Planetary Health in 2024 estimated that 3.8 million deaths in India between 2009 and 2019 were linked to pollution that exceeded India's own air quality guidelines.
Last year, pollution levels peaked at 846 micrograms per cubic meter, 56 times the WHO limit. The U.N. children's agency warns that polluted air puts children at heightened risk of acute respiratory infections. Further restrictions take effect on Nov. 1, including doubled parking fees and work-from-home arrangements for government office staff, aimed at reducing traffic emissions.
Tighter construction rules will also begin then, followed by a complete ban on construction and demolition from Dec. 10 to Jan. 20. Journal information: The Lancet Planetary Health Master's in physics with research experience. Long-time science news enthusiast.
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