India has urged both Russia and Ukraine to ensure safe passage for commercial shipping through the Black Sea, as attacks on merchant vessels put Indian seafarers at risk and threaten to disrupt vital food and energy supplies. New Delhi says discussions with both sides are under way. "The targeting of commercial shipping and seafarers in the region must end, and free and unimpeded navigation and commerce through the international waterways must be restored at the earliest," Foreign Ministry spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal said last week.
India accounts for more than 12% of the global seafaring workforce, with 311,936 maritime professionals, according to a 2026 industry report. And attacks on commercial vessels in and around the Black Sea in recent months have highlighted the risks facing civilian crews. The Turkish-owned MV Royad Mammadov, a cargo ship carrying grain from Ukraine, caught fire and sank following an attack on Monday, killing two crew members.
The three Indian nationals aboard the vessel survived, but sustained injuries and were taken to Romania to receive medical treatment. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy blamed Russia for launching the strike. The Defense Ministry in Moscow separately said it had struck two Ukrainian cargo vessels in the Black Sea but did not specifically identify the ships.
The Liberian-flagged oil tanker Aframax Rio was also recently attacked by unmanned vessels off Russia's Black Sea coast near Sochi, according to Russian authorities. The vessel was carrying 23 Indians, but all of them were rescued. To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Anil Wadhwa, a former Indian diplomat, said India's proposal to halt attacks on commercial shipping in the Black Sea covered energy infrastructure, safe passage for grain and energy exports, and an end to strikes on merchant vessels.
"Securing an ironclad guarantee depends entirely on a broader cessation of hostilities between Russia and Ukraine in the maritime theater," Wadhwa told DW. India's close relations with Russia and expanding engagement with Ukraine give New Delhi access to both sides, but do not guarantee either will honor a shipping arrangement. Ukraine's Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha has described India's proposal for a possible ceasefire with Russia as the "broadest" of the four offers Kyiv has received.
Russia has not publicly endorsed a binding safe-passage deal proposed by India, despite welcoming New Delhi's peace efforts. Rajan Kumar of the Center for Russian and Central Asian Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University said India could use its diplomatic leverage with Moscow to help bring the two sides towards an agreement. "India could play a constructive role in facilitating dialogue between Russia and Ukraine, particularly on the issue of ensuring the safety of commercial shipping in the Black Sea," Kumar told DW.
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