Elaine Ling splits her time between New York and California, but wherever she is and needs a coffee, she doesn't visit a Starbucks. She only goes there for her cold drinks. Her "real coffee" comes from local cafes.
"I don't really like to go to Starbucks for coffee. I think their coffee is like too sweet," Ling, 21, told the BBC. "I'm more of a refresher girl when it comes to going to Starbucks." Though founded as a coffee shop more than five decades ago, Starbucks says that three out of every four drinks it now sells are cold.
Think iced fruity drinks, protein shakes and so-called dirty sodas - a concoction of foam, syrups and juices. Ling's preferences are echoed by younger customers across the US. Gen Z consumers - people born between 1997 and 2012 - are increasingly choosing cold drinks that they can customise themselves over traditional coffee.
Tristan Höver, global insight manager for hot drinks at Euromonitor International, says younger consumers increasingly see drinks as something they can tailor to a specific moment or need. "Customisation gives them a sense of control," he told the BBC. He says Gen Z is price-sensitive but willing to pay more if the drink feels special, larger, or functional.
With cold drinks, he says, size, layers and visual appeal help justify the higher price. Jerry Sheldon, an analyst at IHL Group, sees these habits as part of a larger cultural shift. "Cold drinks are a form of self-expression," he says.
It is another way to signal identity, much like clothing or hair colour. Kelly Goldsmith, a Professor of Marketing at Vanderbilt University, says consumers are "not paying for what's in the cup, but what's on the cup," comparing Starbucks to an affordable luxury handbag made by the likes of Louis Vuitton. She says that image has helped Starbucks maintain a price premium for years.
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